The calculation and quantification of whether performing an action will produce a positive or negative outcome is called a:

The term used to describe the calculation and quantification of whether performing an action will produce a positive or negative outcome is risk-benefit analysis. This method evaluates the potential risks involved in a specific action against the potential benefits it could provide. In the context of vehicle rescue, this is particularly important because responders must assess the dangers to both victims and rescuers while also considering the advantages gained by performing a rescue operation.

Risk-benefit analysis helps decision-makers determine if the benefits of a rescue operation outweigh the possible risks, ensuring that the actions taken are justifiable and optimized for safety and effectiveness. This analytical approach is fundamental in improving safety protocols and making informed choices during emergency situations.

In contrast, other terms provided may relate to similar processes but do not specifically focus on the evaluation of risks versus benefits instead. Cost-benefit analysis generally deals more with financial implications rather than risks to safety, impact assessments are often broader in application, considering various environmental and social effects, while decision-making processes encompass all types of decisions and do not exclusively focus on the risks and benefits.